Ngani i-Electric Truck iyaphakamisa indlela entsha yezinkampani zokusebenza ngomoto?

Ukuguqula Kwesikhundla Sokusebenza Ngomoto Ezizweni Zonke: Ngani Ukuthengisa Kwesilwane Esingasemva Kwemithambo Kuyaguqula Indlela Yokuthengisa Amatrukhi?

Isikhundla sokusebenza ngomoto esingaphezulu siyaguguza ngendlela enkulu. Ngama-ndezemi amaningi, iqembu elincinci lezinkampani zokusebenza ngomoto zaseNtshonalanga u-Europe naseNtshonalanga u-North America liyabamba isikhundla esiphezulu kwezinkampani zokusebenza ngomoto zokuthengisa izinto zokusebenza ngomoto. Izinkampani zokusebenza ngomoto ezizweni zonke nezibhalo zokuthengisa ziyabona ukuthi ubukhulu bekhonkhele kanye nezimangaliso zokusebenza ngomoto ziyakwenzeka kuphela ngamazinkampani asekhona.

Nokho, phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, ushintsho olukhulu luye lwaphazamisa kancane kancane amanethiwekhi omhlaba wonke wokuthenga kwe-B2B.

Umbono ovamile osuselwe emuva embonini wokuthi amaloli asindayo aseChina ayizindlela ezishibhile nezingagcini isikhathi eside uye waphonswa obala idatha yangempela yezinqola. Kunalokho, izimoto zokuhweba ezisezingeni eliphakeme ziye zaba abaphambili kwezobuchwepheshe, zinikeza izinga eliphakeme lokusebenza kahle kwansuku zonke kwezomnotho, okuyinto imikhiqizo yendabuko elwela ukuyilinganisa.

Kusukela ezakhiweni zokuqashwa kwemayini ezikhathazayo eziphakeme eNingizimu Melika kuya emigwaqweni emikhulu enethoni ewela imigwaqo eyomile yase-Asia Ephakathi, imisebenzi yokuthutha imikhumbi enqamula imingcele iqoqa ngokuhlelekile izinto ezindala emabhuthini ayo bese iyishintsha ngamaloli Lokhu kuguquguquka kwemakethe kubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo kokuhlanganiswa kwe-power train, izinzuzo ezinkulu zezindleko ezilinganiselwe, kanye nengqalasizinda yesevisi yendawo ephendula kakhulu.

Imithambo yokuqala yokuthenga kwezinsizakwane zihlukile kakhulu kusukela kubuso lobuhle bakwesikhathi esidlangalala kuze kufokuswa ngokushisana kwezinkinga zokuthenga kwizinto zonke, ukugcina kwezinkinga zokuthenga kwezinto zonke, ukugcina kwezinkinga zokuthenga kwezinto zonke, nokugcina kwezinkinga zokuthenga kwezinto zonke.

Ukuvula isibonelo sesayensi esiphambili sokubhala izinkampani zezimoto zezilwane zokuphatha izimoto ezinamandla.

Ukubaluleka kwempilo yezimoto zezilwane zokuphatha izimoto ezinamandla kuyaphendula kumthambo wokusebenza kwezimoto zezilwane zokuphatha izimoto ezinamandla, okuzwakalwa kakhulu embonweni njengesayensi esiphambili somthambo wokusebenza: ibhayitsheli, imotolo, nokuthenga kwezinto zonke. Ngaphandle kokuthenga kwezinto zonke, izimoto zezilwane zokuphatha izimoto ezinamandla ziyadinga ukuthenga kwezinto zonke.

Izimoto zezilwane zokuphatha izimoto ezinamandla zezinsizakwane zezinsizakwane zisebenzisa amabhayitsheli amaningi aseLithium Iron Phosphate noma amabhayitsheli amaningi ase-solid-state asebhalwe kusukela kusukela ukuze abe nesibonelo sokuthenga kwezinto zonke.

Ukuze bakhulisele lezi ziqondiso zesithuthi sezibalo ezikhulu kusafuzi, abahleli bavimbela izihlangothi zokusebenza zezicelo ngemithambo yezilwane zokuphatha isikhalazo. Lezi zinhlangano zizimisa ukuphakama kwesikhalazo ngeminye imikhumbi yokuqala kwezinkampani okungaphezu kwezinkampani noma ngemiphakathi yezinkampani ezingaphansi kwezinkampani zezinkampani zezinkampani. Umphakathi wokukhulisa amandla uya kusebenza ngendlela eyodwa yokubambisana apho isithuthi sezibalo esinamandla amaningi sivumela umkhawulo wokukhulisa amandla oshwele ku-Unit yekontroli yezincwadi zokusebenza, okunye kuyasiza ukukhulisa amandla kumotola wokusebenza okuhle.

Ukulethwa kwamandla angempela emasondweni kusingathwa yi-Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors esebenza kahle kakhulu ehlanganiswe namabhokisi wamagiya akhethekile, anejubane elincane. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kwe-hardware okukhethekile kukhulula i-torque enkulu ngokushesha lapho kunesimo sokuma. Ngokususa ukulibaziseka kwe-kinetic kanye nokulibaziseka kokufuna igiya okuvame ukuvela ezinjini ezindala zikadizili ezishisa ngaphakathi, amaloli kagesi asindayo anikeza amandla amangalisayo okukhwela amagquma ngisho nalapho elayishwe emikhawulweni yemithwalo yemoto ephelele.

Ukuphazamisa Izindleko Eziphelele Zobunikazi Kweqiniso Ekuphathweni Kwezimoto

Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zokuthenga iloli elisha elisebenza ngogesi zisaphezulu kunezindleko zokuthenga imoto ejwayelekile enophethiloli, izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside zisho indaba ehluke ngokuphelele kwezezimali. I-power train kagesi isusa izingxenye ezingaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-60 ezihambayo ezivame ukwehluleka elolini lendabuko elisebenza ngodoli.

Abaphathi be-vehicle base bangaqondi ukuthi baphatha izinkulungwane zokusebenza ezingaphansi, ezinamandla amaningi, njengezinkulungwane zokugcina isitha, izinkulungwane zokuhambisa inkampani yemoto, izivali zokubuyela kwindawo yemoto yomoya wokuphuma, nokuthintwa kwemoto yomoya wokuphuma ngokuselektivile yezinkulungwane zokuvikela.

Ngokuthi lokhu kucindeze kakhulu ukusebenza kwemithambo, izindleko zokuzinikela zihlala kususa ngeminyaka engu-50% kuwo wonke umlando wokusebenza kwe-vehicle yezokuthengisa. Kungenye nalo, ngokukhipha i-energy ngokuphuma kwe-deceleration ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okubhreka okuphambili okuphambili okuphambili, isitshenziso se-truck esilungile sikhupha amandla okuhamba okungahleli kusuka kwe-heat futhi sibhala le-energy emuva kwi-battery array.

Lokhu kucindeze kakhulu ukusebenza kwesitshenziso sokukhipha i-energy ngokugcina i-electricity ekufanele kusuke ngokuphansi kanye nokunika umlando wokusebenza wemilinga yebhreki yakho ngeminyaka engu-3 kulokho okwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-pneumatic air brake systems.

Ukuqonda Ukucharga Kwemigawathe Nokuthenga Kwemifanekiso Yezindlu Zokuthengisa Ngokushesha

Isilungiselelo esikhulu esikusindisile ukuthi izithombe zezimoto zezilwane zizokhulula kakhulu kwakube yinkululeko yokuzibiza ngokushisa okuphansi nokuzibiza ngokugcina kwezinye izindawo eziphakathi kwezindawo zokuhamba kwezindawo eziningi. Lokhu kulungiselelo kwalungiswa ngokuphambuka kokugcina kwezindawo zokushisa ezihigh-voltage. Ukufaka kwezindawo zokushisa zezimitha-watt zokuvumela amaphuzu abasebenzi ukushisa i-battery pack yezimoto ezinkulu kusukela ku-20% ku-80% ngaphansi kwezimini eziyishumi nambili nezintathu. Lokhu kuyafanana ngokuphelele nokuzibiza kwezindawo zokuvutha kwezindawo zokuhamba kwezindawo eziningi.

Ngexesha elifanayo, isoftwe sokutelematika seshisithem yezimoto esihle sivumela amaphuzu abasebenzi ukubona konke okuhlelwa kwezimoto zabo ngaphakathi kwezimiles ezingu-1000. Amaphuzu abasebenzi ayabona isimo sokushisa, isimo sokugcina kwe-battery ngexesha lokusho, nokuguqula kwezindawo zokuhamba ngexesha lokusho.

Lebali elikhulu lokhu ledata elisebenzayo lisivumela amakampani okugcina ukubambisana kahle izindawo zokufaka amandla nezindawo zokuvutha ezihlalwe kwezindlu zokuvutha kwehighway. Ngokwenza ukuthi akukho mhlaba wokuziphatha ngokwesibonelo, izimpahla zingakhulula isikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto futhi zingaphakamise indlela yokuphatha izindawo zezinsuku ngaphandle kokuthi bafanele nesikhathi sokuphatha esingavumelekile esikhiqizwe ngamathuba aye aqala ekusetyenziseni izimoto zokufaka amandla.

Ukuthenga Amathuba Osebenzisa Kuzo Ngokuthintana Nokuthintana Kwemithombo Yomkhakha

Kubasebenzi bakugcina abasebenzisa izindleko zezindawo zokuhamba kwezizwe eziningi, ukusebenzisa umsindo othembekile ubuyiswe kuzo njengokuthinta kahle ukuthola umsebenzi. Abashipha abakhulu baseMhlaba wonke banezinkinga ezingaphezulu ukuthi bahlale bakhokha nokuthintana nokuthintana kwemithombo yabo yezindawo zokuhamba (Scope 3) ukuze bafanele nemithombo yomkhakha yaseMhlaba. Amasayensi okugcina abasebenzisa amandla angu-izilwane kuphela ayabhekwa ngokuphathelene ngezindawo ezikhulu zokugcina, futhi ayabhekwa ngokuphathelene ngezindawo zokugcina ezikhulu zokugcina.

Izitrukhi zokusebenza ngemithambo yezilwane zihlukisa ukuphuma kwemithambo yezilwane kuzo zonke, ngokushesha kubeka abasebenzi bokuhambisa njengezimpumelelo eziphakeme zokugcinwa kwezikhala zokuhlaka kwezindaba zokugcinwa kwezilwane. Ukubamba izigameko zokusebenza ngemva kwezinsuku eziningi, izifleti ezingaphakeme kufanele zihambisane nezinhlelo zokugcinwa zokusebenza kwezizwe zonke:

• Isifundo saseYurophu: Ukuthembana kabusha nokulandela izimpendulo zokugcinwa zezilwane zase-E-mark nezinhlelo zokugcinwa kwezilwane zasezindaweni zokuhlaka kwezindaba zokugcinwa kwezilwane.

• Inetwork yaseRashiya: Ukungena kabusha ngezinhlelo zokugcinwa zase-GOST-R zokusebenza kwezilwane ezinkulu.

• Amaphoyinti okuhambisa e-Astrelia: Ukuthembana kabusha nokulandela izinhlelo zokugcinwa zase-Australian ADR zokuhambisa kwezindaweni zonke.

Ngaphandle kokunqoba iminikelo eminingi, ukusebenzisa izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezisindayo kuvula amathuba amakhulu okusebenza ezindaweni ezinkulu zezomnotho. Emazweni amaningi, amaloli angakhokhi lutho ayakhokhiswa imali ebizayo yokuhamba emgwaqweni omkhulu, imali yokukhokhela ukuxinana kwezimoto emadolobheni amakhulu, noma isikhathi sokuphumula ebusuku. Lokhu kuthambekela kokukhetha umthetho kunikeza abahlinzeki bezinto zokuthutha abacabanga phambili ukuguquguquka okuphelele kokusebenza ukuze bahambise izimpahla phakathi kwamadolobha agcwele abantu noma nini lapho befuna, begwema izithiyo ezibizayo eziqeda amandla ezimbangi zikadizili.

Ukushayela Umngcele Womhlaba Wonke Wokuhamba Kwezentengiselwano Ngamandla Ahlanzekile

Ukubakha ngokupheleleyo isikhundla sendawo yomkhakha we-vehicle yomkhakha wokusebenza ngokupheleleyo (heavy-duty electric vehicle) okwenzeka ukuthi kuzobona izinkinga ezinkulu zokusebenza kusuku sonke kufuneka kubekwe ngokukhulu kokubakha nokuthuthukisa ngokugcwele. I-FAW TRUCKS iphakeme kakhulu kule ntshabalalo yamandla engezansi, ibe nesikhundla sokubakha esisodwa ngamadola angu-3000 (multi-billion dollar) esihlukanisiwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuzimela kakhulu ekubeni kubakhe amasiko e-axle akhe, amasiko okuhlanzwa kwezinto eziningi ngokupheleleyo (highly integrated multi-in-one thermal management architectures), nezindawo zokubakha ezinamandla engaphansi (zero-carbon automated production plants), i-FAW TRUCKS ibakha izi-truck zomkhakha zokusebenza ngokupheleleyo (electric heavy trucks) ozibakha ngokuphambuka kwezinhloso zokuphambuka kwezinhloso zokusebenza ngokupheleleyo (rugged durability under intense operational stress).

Kusukela kwezindlela zokusiza ezikhulu zezindawo zokusebenza ngamandla amahle, iziphakamiso eziningi zezindawo zokufaka amandla, nokuhlanganiswa kwemibhalo yezindawo zokusiza kwezizwe ezingaphandle, i-FAW TRUCKS isinika izihluthi zezindawo zokusebenza emhlabeni wonke isivumelwano esisodwa, esiyakwenzela ukuthi izihluthi zibe nesilinganiso sokugcina ukusebenza ngamandla angavunyelwa. Kumaqembu okusebenza okuzifundisa ukuthi abe ngezindlela zokugcina izindlela zokusebenza zabo ngokuphelele, le ndawo yokuqala yokwenza izinkampani emhlabeni inika izinto ezifanele nokusiza kwezindawo zokusebenza ukuze zibe nesiphumo emhlabeni oshintshayo.